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<title>Muschelkalk</title>

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Muschelkalk</span></h1>

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<div id="Container" class="toccolours" style="text-align: left; padding:0.5em 0 0 0; border-style:none; float:right; padding:0 0.5em; margin:0.3em 0 0.8em 1.4em;"><div id="Title" style="background-color:rgb(153,58,154); font-weight:bold; padding:0.2em; text-align:center; margin:0.6em 0 1.2em 0"><span style="color:#FFF">Germanische Trias</span></div><div id="Contains-Timeline-Scale-Notes"><div id="Scale" style="width:3.1em; position:relative; top:-0.82em; float:left; height:36em; padding:0px"><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:34.641509433962em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-250 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:32.943396226415em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:31.245283018868em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-245 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:29.547169811321em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:27.849056603774em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-240 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:26.150943396226em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:24.452830188679em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-235 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:22.754716981132em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:21.056603773585em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-230 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:19.358490566038em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:17.660377358491em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-225 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:15.962264150943em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:14.264150943396em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-220 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:12.566037735849em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:10.867924528302em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-215 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:9.1698113207547em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:7.4716981132075em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-210 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:5.7735849056604em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:4.0754716981132em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-205 —</span></div><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:2.377358490566em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">–</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><div style="float:right; position:absolute; right:-1px; top:0.67924528301887em;"><span style="font-size:86%;white-space:nowrap;">-200 —</span></div><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<p><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span>

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<span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Start</span><span style="display:none;">Skalenmarkierungen Ende</span></div><div id="ScaleBar" style="width:1px; float:left; height:36em; padding:0; background-color:#242020"></div><div id="Timeline" class="toccolours" style="font-size:100%; width:100%; height:36em; padding:0px; float:left; width:10em; border:none; background-color:transparent;"><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(152,57,153); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:30.769811320755em; height:4.4309433962264em; margin-left:0em; width:4.8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-2.2754716981132em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(177,104,177); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:19.630188679245em; height:11.495094339623em; margin-left:0em; width:4.8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-5.8075471698113em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="Trias_(Geologie)" title="Trias (Geologie)">Mitteltrias</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(189,140,195); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.40754716981132em; height:19.170566037736em; margin-left:0em; width:4.8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-9.6452830188679em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="Trias_(Geologie)" title="Trias (Geologie)">Obertrias</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(164,70,159); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:33.283018867925em; height:1.9177358490566em; margin-left:4.8em; width:5.2em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.0188679245283em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(176,81,165); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:31.177358490566em; height:3.0045283018868em; margin-left:4.8em; width:5.2em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.5622641509434em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="Olenekium" title="Olenekium">Olenekium</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(188,117,183); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:25.743396226415em; height:5.3818867924528em; margin-left:4.8em; width:5.2em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-2.7509433962264em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="Anisium" title="Anisium">Anisium</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(201,131,191); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:19.630188679245em; height:6.0611320754717em; margin-left:4.8em; width:5.2em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-3.0905660377358em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="Ladinium" title="Ladinium">Ladinium</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(201,155,203); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:11.818867924528em; height:7.7592452830189em; margin-left:4.8em; width:5.2em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-3.9396226415094em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="Karnium" title="Karnium">Karnium</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(214,170,211); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:2.988679245283em; height:8.7781132075472em; margin-left:4.8em; width:5.2em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-4.4490566037736em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="Norium" title="Norium">Norium</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:rgb(227,185,219); border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.40754716981132em; height:2.5290566037736em; margin-left:4.8em; width:5.2em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.3245283018868em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="Rhaetium" title="Rhaetium">Rhaetium</a></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#F79B5C; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:29.818867924528em; height:5.3818867924528em; margin-left:10em; width:8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-2.7509433962264em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#8DABCF; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:24.384905660377em; height:5.3818867924528em; margin-left:10em; width:8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-2.7509433962264em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#CF9863; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.40754716981132em; height:23.925283018868em; margin-left:10em; width:8em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-12.022641509434em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#F79B5C; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:33.283018867925em; height:1.9177358490566em; margin-left:10em; width:3em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.0188679245283em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#F79B5C; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:31.856603773585em; height:1.9856603773585em; margin-left:10em; width:3em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.0528301886792em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#F79B5C; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:29.818867924528em; height:1.9856603773585em; margin-left:10em; width:3em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.0528301886792em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><b><a href="R%C3%B6t-Formation" title="Röt-Formation">O.</a></b></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#8DABCF; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:27.781132075472em; height:1.9856603773585em; margin-left:10em; width:3em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-1.0528301886792em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#8DABCF; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:26.083018867925em; height:1.6460377358491em; margin-left:10em; width:3em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.88301886792453em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#8DABCF; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:24.384905660377em; height:1.6460377358491em; margin-left:10em; width:3em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.88301886792453em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><b><a href="Oberer_Muschelkalk" title="Oberer Muschelkalk">O.</a></b></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#CF9863; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:22.68679245283em; height:1.6460377358491em; margin-left:10em; width:3em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-0.88301886792453em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><b><a href="Unterer_Keuper" title="Unterer Keuper">U.</a></b></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#CF9863; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:6.7245283018868em; height:15.910188679245em; margin-left:10em; width:3em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-8.0150943396226em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><b><a href="Mittlerer_Keuper" title="Mittlerer Keuper">M.</a></b></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:#CF9863; border-width:.06em; border-style:solid none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.40754716981132em; height:6.2649056603774em; margin-left:10em; width:3em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-3.1924528301887em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><b><a href="Oberer_Keuper" title="Oberer Keuper">O.</a></b></span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:black; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.40754716981132em; height:34.91320754717em; margin-left:4.8em; width:0.06em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-17.456603773585em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:black; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.40754716981132em; height:34.91320754717em; margin-left:10em; width:0.1em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-17.456603773585em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div><div class="bar" style="font-size:100%; background-color:black; border-style: none; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:0.40754716981132em; height:34.91320754717em; margin-left:18em; width:0.06em;"><div class="nudge" style="font-size:100%; position:relative; top:-0.86em; left:-0em;"><span style="position:relative; align:center; vertical-align:middle; bottom:-17.456603773585em;"><span style="font-size:90%;"> </span></span></div></div></div><div id="Annotations" style="float:left; position:relative; width:8.25em"><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:33.418867924528em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-9.8em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#007777; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><a href="Trias_(Geologie)" title="Trias (Geologie)">Untertrias</a></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:34.709433962264em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-4.6em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#007777; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><a href="Indusium_(Geologie)" title="Indusium (Geologie)">Indusium</a></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:32.603773584906em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:3.3em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#007777; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><a href="Buntsandstein" title="Buntsandstein">Bunt-</a><br><a href="Buntsandstein" title="Buntsandstein">sandstein</a></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:27.169811320755em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:3.3em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#007777; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muschel-</a><br><a class="mw-selflink selflink">kalk</a></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:12.905660377358em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:3.3em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#007777; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><a href="Keuper" title="Keuper">Keuper</a></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:36.339622641509em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-8em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#007777; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><b><a href="Trias_(Geologie)" title="Trias (Geologie)">Chronostratigr.<br>Gliederung</a></b></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:36.339622641509em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:2em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#007777; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><b><a href="Germanische_Trias" title="Germanische Trias">German.<br>Trias</a></b></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:34.641509433962em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:1em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#000000; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><b><a href="Unterer_Buntsandstein" title="Unterer Buntsandstein">U.</a></b></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:33.079245283019em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:1em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#000000; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><b><a href="Mittlerer_Buntsandstein" title="Mittlerer Buntsandstein">M.</a></b></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:28.867924528302em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:1em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#000000; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><b><a href="Unterer_Muschelkalk" title="Unterer Muschelkalk">U.</a></b></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:27.169811320755em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:1em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#000000; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><b><a href="Mittlerer_Muschelkalk" title="Mittlerer Muschelkalk">M.</a></b></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); 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left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; 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width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:37.018867924528em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-11.5em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:#007777; vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"><b><a href="Mya_(Zeitskala)" title="Mya (Zeitskala)">mya</a></b></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; 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font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); 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margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; 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float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; font-size:100%; position:absolute; text-align:center; margin-top:18em;"><div style="text-size:100%; float:left; position:relative; text-align:left; top:-0.75em; left:-0em; width:7em;"><span style="position:relative; width:auto; font-size:90%; color:var(--color-base, #000000); vertical-align:middle; line-height:100%; bottom:0;"></span></div></div><div style="width:auto; 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<p>Der <b>Muschelkalk</b> ist die mittlere der drei <a href="Lithostratigraphie" title="Lithostratigraphie">lithostratigraphischen</a> <a href="Gruppe_(Geologie)" title="Gruppe (Geologie)">Gruppen</a> der <a href="Germanische_Trias" title="Germanische Trias">Germanischen Trias</a>. Diese Dreiteilung, die namensgebend für das <a href="System_(Geologie)" title="System (Geologie)">System</a> <a href="Trias_(Geologie)" title="Trias (Geologie)">Trias</a> war, ist aber nur im Bereich nördlich der Alpen ausgebildet (Germanische-Trias-Supergruppe). Ähnlich den beiden anderen lithostratigraphischen Einheiten der Trias, dem unterlagernden <a href="Buntsandstein" title="Buntsandstein">Buntsandstein</a> und dem überlagernden <a href="Keuper" title="Keuper">Keuper</a>, kann der Begriff <i>Muschelkalk</i> für Laien verwirrend sein. Er wurde früher einerseits als Gesteinsbegriff („Kalk, der Muschelschalen enthält oder aus Muschelschalen aufgebaut ist“), andererseits auch als Zeitbegriff benutzt („Muschelkalk-Zeit“) im Sinne einer <a href="Stufe_(Geologie)" title="Stufe (Geologie)">Stufe</a>. Heute wird der Begriff meist im Sinne einer Gesteinseinheit der Lithostratigraphie verwendet.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die internationalen <a href="Chronostratigraphie" title="Chronostratigraphie">chronostratigraphischen</a> Stufen (oder Zeitintervalle) der Trias wurden in der <a href="Alpine_Trias#Die_Trias_in_Mitteleuropa" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpine Trias">Alpinen Trias</a> definiert.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2></div>

<p>Der Name geht auf <a href="Georg_Christian_F%C3%BCchsel" title="Georg Christian Füchsel">Georg Christian Füchsel</a> zurück, der ihn im Jahr 1761 erstmals gebrauchte.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1834 führte <a href="Friedrich_August_von_Alberti" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich August von Alberti">Friedrich August von Alberti</a> das System der Trias ein. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt war der Muschelkalk bereits ein fest etablierter Begriff, der von v. Alberti bereits in den Unteren Muschelkalk, die Anhydritgruppe und den Oberen Muschelkalk unterteilt wurde. In der weiteren Folge der Erforschung des Muschelkalks wurde er immer detaillierter unterteilt. Seit den 1990er Jahren wird der Muschelkalk nun in lithostratigraphische Formationen unterteilt, deren Untergrenzen und Verbreitung definiert sind.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2></div>

<p>Die Untergrenze des Muschelkalk wird heute in Deutschland mit der Unterkante des Grenzgelbkalkes definiert. Die Obergrenze bildet in Süddeutschland das sogenannte Muschelkalk-Keuper-Grenzbonebed.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Weiter im Norden etwa ab Thüringen ist diese Bank nicht mehr vorhanden; hier wird die Grenze mit dem ersten Keupersandstein gezogen. Die Untergrenze des Muschelkalks wird heute in das untere <a href="Anisium" title="Anisium">Anisium</a> datiert. Allerdings ist über die Untergrenze der internationalen chronostratigraphischen Stufe des Anisium noch nicht entschieden. Die Obergrenze liegt im Unteren <a href="Ladinium" title="Ladinium">Ladinium</a> (Obertrias).

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ablagerungsraum">Ablagerungsraum <span id="Muschelkalkmeer"></span></h2></div>

<p>Der geographische Ablagerungsraum des Muschelkalks ist das <a href="Germanisches_Becken" title="Germanisches Becken">Germanische Becken</a>, das sich in der <a href="Trias_(Geologie)" title="Trias (Geologie)">Trias</a> über weite Teile des heutigen <a href="Mitteleuropa" title="Mitteleuropa">Mitteleuropas</a> erstreckte. Zur Ablagerungszeit des Muschelkalks war dieses Becken von einem flachen Meer bedeckt, in dem sich überwiegend Karbonatschlämme und <a href="Schillkalkstein" title="Schillkalkstein">schillartige Sedimente</a> absetzten, die später zu Kalkstein verfestigt wurden. Im Gegensatz zu seinem <a href="Lopingium" title="Lopingium">oberpermischen</a> Pendant, dem <a href="Zechsteinmeer" title="Zechsteinmeer">Zechsteinmeer</a>, das nach Norden mit dem Ozean in Verbindung stand, stand das <b>Muschelkalkmeer</b> nach Süden mit dem Ozean (<a href="Tethys_(Ozean)" title="Tethys (Ozean)">Tethys</a>) in Verbindung. Die entsprechenden Meeresstraßen werden als <i>Burgundische Pforte</i>, <i>Schlesisch-Mährische-Pforte</i> und <i>Ostkarpatenpforte</i> bezeichnet.

</p><p>Anders als es der Name „Muschelkalk“ vermuten lässt, enthalten die fossilreichen Gesteine dieser Einheit nicht nur <a href="Muscheln" title="Muscheln">Muscheln</a>, sondern vor allem die den Muscheln äußerlich ähnlichen <a href="Armf%C3%BC%C3%9Fer" title="Armfüßer">Armfüßer</a> (Brachiopoda) bzw. deren massenhaft neben- und übereinandergeschichtete Bauch- und Rückenschalen. In vielen Schichten sind sie sogar häufiger als Muscheln. In manchen Intervallen des Muschelkalks sind auch Reste von <a href="Stachelh%C3%A4uter" title="Stachelhäuter">Stachelhäutern</a> sehr häufig. Für ein Schichtglied des Oberen Muschelkalks, den „<a href="Crinoidenkalk" title="Crinoidenkalk">Trochitenkalk</a>“ bzw. heute Trochitenkalk-Formation (nach den als <a href="Trochiten" title="Trochiten">Trochiten</a> bezeichneten, oft einzeln im Gestein verteilten fossilen Stielgliedern von <a href="Seelilien" class="mw-redirect" title="Seelilien">Seelilien</a>) waren sie sogar namensgebend.

</p><p>Der Ablagerungszeitraum des Muschelkalks erstreckt sich auf etwa 243 bis 235 Millionen Jahre vor heute (jeweils mit einer Unsicherheit von rund 2 Millionen Jahren). Dies entspricht der <a href="Geologische_Zeitskala" title="Geologische Zeitskala">internationalen</a> Stufe <a href="Anisium" title="Anisium">Anisium</a> sowie dem unteren Abschnitt des <a href="Ladinium" title="Ladinium">Ladiniums</a> der <a href="Mittlere_Trias" class="mw-redirect" title="Mittlere Trias">Mittleren Trias</a>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gliederung">Gliederung</h2></div>

<p>Der Muschelkalkstein gliedert sich in drei Untergruppen:

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Oberer_Muschelkalk" title="Oberer Muschelkalk">Oberer Muschelkalk</a></li>

<li><a href="Mittlerer_Muschelkalk" title="Mittlerer Muschelkalk">Mittlerer Muschelkalk</a></li>

<li><a href="Unterer_Muschelkalk" title="Unterer Muschelkalk">Unterer Muschelkalk</a></li></ul>

<p>Der Untere Muschelkalk besteht hauptsächlich aus Kalken, Kalkmergeln und Tonmergeln. In Deutschland wird er heute in fünf Formationen unterteilt: Jena-Formation, Rüdersdorf-Formation, Udelfangen-Formation, Freudenstadt-Formation und Eschenbach-Formation.

</p><p>Der Mittlere Muschelkalk enthält dagegen überwiegend <a href="Evaporite" class="mw-redirect" title="Evaporite">Evaporite</a> (<a href="Gips" title="Gips">Gips</a>, <a href="Anhydrit" title="Anhydrit">Anhydrit</a> und <a href="Steinsalz" title="Steinsalz">Steinsalz</a>). Er wird in drei Formationen unterteilt: Karlstadt-Formation, Heilbronn-Formation und Diemel-Formation. In den Randbereichen wurde die Grafenwöhr-Formation abgelagert, die bis in den Oberen Muschelkalk reicht.

</p><p>Der Obere Muschelkalk ist wiederum eher durch Kalke, Mergel und Dolomite charakterisiert. Er wird in neun Formationen unterteilt: Trochitenkalk-Formation, Meißner-Formation, Warburg-Formation, Quaderkalk-Formation, <a href="Rottweil-Formation" title="Rottweil-Formation">Rottweil-Formation</a>, Schengen-Formation, Irrel-Formation, Gilsdorf-Formation und Grafenwöhr-Formation, die die östliche Randfazies des Muschelkalks bildet.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geomorphologie_und_Böden"><span id="Geomorphologie_und_B.C3.B6den"></span>Geomorphologie und Böden</h2></div>

<p>In Teilen der <a href="W%C3%BCrttemberg_(Weinbaugebiet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Württemberg (Weinbaugebiet)">Weinbaugebiete Württembergs</a>, Frankens, Badens, Thüringens und Sachsen-Anhalts (<a href="Saale-Unstrut-Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Saale-Unstrut-Region">Saale-Unstrut</a>) bildet Muschelkalk die Bodengrundlage und tritt oft felsig hervor. Die oft extrem steilen Lagen sind schwierig zu bewirtschaften und terrassenförmig aus Kalkstein-<a href="Trockenmauerwerk" title="Trockenmauerwerk">Trockenmauern</a> aufgebaut. Die Verwitterungsschicht des Muschelkalks ist geringmächtig und erosionsgefährdet.

</p><p>Stellenweise bilden sich heute in Gebieten, in denen Gesteine des Muschelkalks anstehen, Einsturz<a href="Doline" title="Doline">dolinen</a>. Diese Erdfälle ereignen sich bevorzugt dort, wo im Laufe der Zeit das Kalkgestein im Untergrund durch Wasser (Oberflächenwasser, Grundwasser) ausgelaugt wird (<a href="Verkarstung" class="mw-redirect" title="Verkarstung">Verkarstung</a>). Darüber hinaus gibt es auch im Muschelkalk <a href="Karsth%C3%B6hle" class="mw-redirect" title="Karsthöhle">Karst<i>höhlen</i></a>. Bekannte Beispiele sind die 1971 entdeckte <a href="Eberstadter_Tropfsteinh%C3%B6hle" title="Eberstadter Tropfsteinhöhle">Eberstadter Tropfsteinhöhle</a> im <a href="Bauland_(Landschaft)" title="Bauland (Landschaft)">Bauland</a> (Baden-Württemberg) und die erst 2008 entdeckte <a href="Ble%C3%9Fbergh%C3%B6hle" title="Bleßberghöhle">Bleßberghöhle</a> in Thüringen, beide im Unteren Muschelkalk.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Muschelkalk_im_Bergbau">Muschelkalk im Bergbau</h2></div>

<p>Der mittlere Muschelkalk (mm) enthält in Baden-Württemberg in einem Streifen von <a href="Heilbronn" title="Heilbronn">Heilbronn</a> bis zur <a href="Schweiz" title="Schweiz">Schweizer</a> Grenze eine <a href="Evaporit" title="Evaporit">Evaporit</a>-Gruppe mit <a href="Steinsalz" title="Steinsalz">Steinsalz</a>, unter- und überlagert von <a href="Anhydrit" title="Anhydrit">Anhydrit</a> (oberflächennah zu <a href="Gips" title="Gips">Gips</a> umgewandelt oder ausgelaugt). Während der meist lokal betriebene Gipsbergbau keine Rolle mehr spielt (früher meist als Düngegips verwendet), wird Steinsalz weiterhin in großen Mengen in Bergwerken bei Heilbronn, <a href="Bad_Friedrichshall" title="Bad Friedrichshall">Bad Friedrichshall</a> und <a href="Haigerloch" title="Haigerloch">Haigerloch</a> abgebaut. Am <a href="Hochrhein" title="Hochrhein">Hochrhein</a> wird Steinsalz aus dem mittleren Muschelkalk noch bei <a href="Bezirk_Rheinfelden" title="Bezirk Rheinfelden">Rheinfelden</a> (<a href="Aargau" class="mw-redirect" title="Aargau">Aargau</a>, Schweiz) und <a href="Schweizerhalle" title="Schweizerhalle">Schweizerhalle</a> durch <a href="Auslaugung" title="Auslaugung">Auslaugung</a> gewonnen und deckt nach Eindampfung den Salzbedarf der Schweiz (mit Ausnahme des Kantons <a href="Waadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Waadt">Waadt</a>: Salzgewinnung im <a href="Keuper" title="Keuper">Keuper</a> bei <a href="Bex" title="Bex">Bex</a>). Auf der deutschen Seite des Hochrheins wird keine <a href="Sole" title="Sole">Sole</a> mehr gewonnen.

</p><p>In manchen Regionen enthalten die Schichten des Oberen und des Unteren Muschelkalk erzhaltige Einschlüsse (sog. „<a href="Galmei" title="Galmei">Galmei</a>“, oxidierte <a href="Zinkerz" class="mw-redirect" title="Zinkerz">Zink-</a> und z. T. <a href="Bleierz" class="mw-redirect" title="Bleierz">Bleierze</a>). In der Hauptsache handelt es sich hier um Blei-, <a href="Silbererz" class="mw-redirect" title="Silbererz">Silber-</a> und/oder Zinkerze. Diese <a href="Rohstoff" title="Rohstoff">Rohstoffe</a>, die früher sehr begehrt waren, wurden u. a. <a href="Silber" title="Silber">Silber</a> für die <a href="M%C3%BCnzpr%C3%A4gung" title="Münzprägung">Münzprägung</a> verwendet. Durch zahlreiche <a href="Arch%C3%A4ologischer_Fund" title="Archäologischer Fund">archäologische Funde</a> ehemaliger <a href="Steinm%C3%BChle" title="Steinmühle">Steinmühlen</a> und <a href="Kalkbrennen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalkbrennen">Kalkbrennereien</a> sind Abbau und Nutzung von Muschelkalkgestein historisch belegt. Die Belege gehen bis in das 1. Jahrhundert nach Christus zurück.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wirtschaftliche_Bedeutung_und_Begriffsabgrenzung">Wirtschaftliche Bedeutung und Begriffsabgrenzung</h2></div>

<p>Auch in unseren Tagen werden Gesteine des Muschelkalks abgebaut und wirtschaftlich genutzt (z. B. im Straßenbau, als Gleisschotter, Herstellung von Zement). In dem aus Muschelkalk aufgebauten Höhenzug <a href="Elm_(H%C3%B6henzug)" title="Elm (Höhenzug)">Elm</a> in <a href="Niedersachsen" title="Niedersachsen">Niedersachsen</a> wurde der qualitativ hochwertige <a href="Elmkalkstein" title="Elmkalkstein">Elmkalkstein</a> als Baumaterial gewonnen.

</p><p>In bauhistorischen Zusammenhängen wird der Begriff <i>Muschelkalk</i> oder <i>Quaderkalk</i> als Werkstoffbezeichnung anders verwendet. Darunter versteht man einen fossilführenden Kalkstein mit ausgeprägter Schichtung. <a href="Werkstein" title="Werkstein">Werksteine</a> dieser Art wurden beispielsweise in Unterfranken bei <a href="W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Würzburg">Würzburg</a> und in Thüringen im Raum <a href="Jena" title="Jena">Jena</a> abgebaut. Oft handelt es sich dabei um die wirtschaftliche Nutzung der <a href="Terebratulida" title="Terebratulida">Terebratelbänke</a>. In älterer Literatur treten diese Gesteinsbezeichnungen in Werkstoffzusammenhängen häufig auf und geben damit primär keine sichere lithostratigrafische Information. Das ist nach dem jeweiligen Kontext zu beurteilen. Der Gebrauch dieser Termini in ihrer doppelten Bedeutung hält bis in die Gegenwart an.

</p><p>Von landwirtschaftlicher Bedeutung, nämlich im <a href="Weinbau" title="Weinbau">Weinbau</a>, sind Muschelkalkböden, die als besonders geeignet für <a href="Burgunder_(Wein)" title="Burgunder (Wein)">Burgunder</a> (Pinot), wie auch für <a href="Silvaner" title="Silvaner">Silvaner</a> und <a href="Riesling" title="Riesling">Rieslingreben</a> gelten. Muschelkalkböden kommen in Frankreich vor allem im Burgund vor, sowie in Süddeutschland in <a href="Franken_(Weinbaugebiet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Franken (Weinbaugebiet)">Franken</a>, Baden und in der Pfalz.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Alpiner_Muschelkalk" title="Alpiner Muschelkalk">Alpiner Muschelkalk</a> (veralteter Begriff)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>

<ul><li>Hans Hagdorn, Theo Simon (Red.): <i>Stratigraphie von Deutschland XIII: Muschelkalk.</i> Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 91. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart 2021, ISBN 978-3-510-49243-5</li>

<li>Hans Hagdorn: <i>Der Muschelkalk.</i> Biologie in unserer Zeit, 32(6), 380–388, Weinheim 2002, <span class="-print"><a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%220045-205X%22&key=cql">0045-205X</a></span></span>.</li>

<li>Norbert Hauschke, Volker Wilde (Hrsg.): <i>Trias – Eine ganze andere Welt. Mitteleuropa im frühen Erdmittelalter.</i> Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München 1999, ISBN 3-931516-55-5</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>

<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Muschelkalk?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Muschelkalk</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>

<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wiktionary"></span></span></span><b><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Muschelkalk" class="extiw external" title="wikt:Muschelkalk">Wiktionary: Muschelkalk</a></b> – Bedeutungserklärungen, Wortherkunft, Synonyme, Übersetzungen</div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Margot Böse, Jürgen Ehlers, Frank Lehmkuhl: <cite style="font-style:italic">Land und Meer im Wandel – Norddeutschland bevor die Eiszeit kam</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Deutschlands Norden: vom Erdaltertum zur Gegenwart</cite>. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-662-55373-2, 2.3.2 Germanische Trias – Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk und Keuper, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>21–39</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55373-2_2">10.1007/978-3-662-55373-2_2</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Muschelkalk&rft.atitle=Land+und+Meer+im+Wandel+-+Norddeutschland+bevor+die+Eiszeit+kam&rft.au=Margot+B%C3%B6se%2C+J%C3%BCrgen+Ehlers%2C+Frank+Lehmkuhl&rft.btitle=Deutschlands+Norden%3A+vom+Erdaltertum+zur+Gegenwart&rft.date=2018&rft.doi=10.1007%2F978-3-662-55373-2_2&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783662553732&rft.pages=21-39&rft.place=Berlin%2C+Heidelberg&rft.pub=Springer" style="display:none"> </span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">„Series ultima, interiorem Thuringiam occupans, montibus constructa est calcariis, infinito numero corporum marinorum testaceorum refertis, hinc series testaceo calcariae (Muschelkalch, das obere Kalchgeburge) nomen merito gerit“ S. 52 in Georg Christian Füchsel: <i>Historia terrae et maris, ex historia Thuringiae, per montium descriptionem</i> S. 44–208 in <i>Acta Academiae Electoralis Moguntinae scientiarum utilium quae Erfordiae est</i> Band 2, 1761; zweisprachige Ausgabe von <a href="Kai_Brodersen" title="Kai Brodersen">Kai Brodersen</a>, <i>Georg Christian Füchsel. Land und Meer in der Erdgeschichte Thüringens</i>, Speyer 2026, ISBN 978-3-911973-16-8.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vgl. etwa H. Aust: <i>Lithologie, Geochemie und Paläontologie des Grenzbereiches Muschelkalk/Keuper in Franken</i> (= <i>Abhandlungen des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins Würzburg.</i> 10.3–155). Würzburg 1969.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Lutz_Wilde" title="Lutz Wilde">Lutz Wilde</a>: <i>Denkmaltopographie Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Kulturdenkmale in Schleswig-Holstein.</i> Band 2, Flensburg, S. 524</span>

</li>

</ol>

<div>

Normdaten (Sachbegriff): <a href="Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4170775-8">4170775-8</a></span> </div>

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